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September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 110 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret.
- 1229 - The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island.
- 1609 - Henry Hudson "discovers" the Hudson River.
- 1683 - Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna - several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.
- 1759 - British soldiers capture the town of Quebec.
- 1814 - Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.
- 1846 - Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning.
- 1847 - Mexican-American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins.
- 1848 - Switzerland becomes a Federal state.
- 1857 - The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13-15 tons of gold from the San Francisco Gold Rush.
- 1874 The District of Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada is founded.
- 1890 - Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.
- 1897 - Tirah Campaign: Battle of Saragarhi
- 1906 - The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.
- 1910 - Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter)
- 1919 - Adolf Hitler joins the German Workers Party
- 1930 - Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
- 1933 - Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
- 1938 - Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
- 1940 - Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.
- 1940 - An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenvil, New Jersey kills 51 people and injures over 200.
- 1942 - World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks.
- 1942 - World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field on Guadalcanal are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army forces.
- 1943 - World War II: Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny.
- 1944 - World War II: The liberation of Serbia from Nazi Germany and the Chetniks continues. Bajina Ba-ta in western Serbia is among those liberated cities. Near Trier, American troops enter Germany for the first time.
- 1948 - Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader Jinnah's death.
- 1958 - Jack Kilby demonstrates the first integrated circuit.
- 1959 - Premiere of Bonanza, the first regularly-scheduled TV program presented in color.
- 1959 - The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the moon.
- 1960 - John F. Kennedy avers he does not speak for the Roman Catholic Church, and neither does the Church speak for him.
- 1964 - Canyonlands National Park is designated as a National Park.
- 1966 - Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions)
- 1970 - Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman.
- 1974 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years.
- 1974 - Juventude Africana Amilcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau.
- 1977 - South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko is killed in police custody.
- 1979 - Indonesia is hit with an earthquake that measures 8.1 on the Richter scale.
- 1980 - Military coup in Turkey.
- 1983 - A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros.
- 1983 - The USSR vetoes a UN Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet shooting down of a Korean civilian jetliner on September 1.
- 1990 - The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.
- 1992 - NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.
- 1992 - Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well.
- 1994 - Frank Eugene Corder crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing and killing himself.
- 1999 - Indonesia announces it will allow international peace-keepers into East Timor.
- 2001 - Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry leaving 10000 people unemployed.
- 2003 - The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.
- 2003 - In Fallujah, US forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers.
- 2005 - The red-green coalition, led by Jens Stoltenberg, wins the Norwegian parliamentary election, taking 87 of 169 seats in the parliament.
- 2005 - Israel completes its withdrawal of all troops and settlers from the Gaza Strip.
- 2005 - Hong Kong Disneyland opens in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong.
- 2007 - Shinzo Abe announces his intention to resign as Prime Minister of Japan.
- 2007 - Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of the crime of plunder.
Births
- 1492 - Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino (d. 1519)
- 1494 - King Francis I of France (d. 1547)
- 1575 - Henry Hudson, English explorer (d. 1611)
- 1605 - William Dugdale, English antiquarian (d. 1686)
- 1688 - Ferdinand Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1731)
- 1690 - Peter Dens, Flemish Catholic theologian (d. 1775)
- 1725 - Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (d. 1792)
- 1740 - Johann Heinrich Jung, German author (d. 1817)
- 1812 - Richard Hoe, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1886)
- 1818 - Richard Gatling, American weapons inventor (d. 1903)
- 1830 - William Sprague IV, American politician (d.1915)
- 1852 - H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1928)
- 1855 - Simon-Napoléon Parent, Canadian politician (d. 1920)
- 1875 - Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor (d. 1926)
- 1880 - H. L. Mencken, American journalist and author (d. 1956)
- 1888 - Maurice Chevalier, French singer and actor (d. 1972)
- 1891 - Pedro Albizu Campos, advocate for Puerto Rican independence (d. 1965)
- 1892 - Alfred A. Knopf, American publisher (d. 1984)
- 1897 - Irene Joliot-Curie, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1956)
- 1898 - Salvador Bacarisse, Spanish composer (d. 1963)
- 1898 - Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-born American artist (d. 1969)
- 1901 - Ben Blue, Canadian actor and comedian (d. 1975)
- 1902 - Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (d. 1976)
- 1907 - Louis MacNeice, Irish poet (d. 1963)
- 1909 - Donald MacDonald, O.C., LL.D. former president of the Canadian Labour Congress and politician (d. 1986)
- 1913 - Jesse Owens, American athlete (d. 1980)
- 1914 - Rais Amrohvi, Pakistani poet and psychoanalyst (d. 1988)
- 1914 - Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh actor (d. 1999)
- 1915 - Frank McGee, American journalist (d. 1974)
- 1916 - Tony Bettenhausen, American race car driver (d. 1961)
- 1917 - Pierre Sévigny, Canadian politician (d. 2004)
- 1921 - Stanis-aw Lem, Polish writer (d. 2006)
- 1922 - Ellen Demming, American actress (d. 2002)
- 1925 - Stan Lopata, American baseball player
- 1931 - Sir Ian Holm, English actor
- 1931 - George Jones, American singer
- 1933 - Tatiana Doronina, Russian actress
- 1934 - Glenn Davis, American athlete
- 1934 - Jaegwon Kim, Korean-born American philosopher
- 1937 - George Chuvalo, Canadian boxer
- 1938 - Claude Ruel, French Canadian ice hockey coach
- 1939 - Henry Waxman, American politician
- 1940 - Linda Gray, American actress
- 1940 - Mickey Lolich, American baseball player
- 1940 - Patrick Mower, English actor
- 1943 - Maria Muldaur, American singer
- 1943 - Michael Ondaatje, Sri Lankan-born writer
- 1944 - Leonard Peltier, American activist
- 1944 - Barry White, American singer (d. 2003)
- 1948 - Luis Lima, Argentinian tenor
- 1949 - Irina Rodnina, Russian figure skater
- 1950 - Gustav Brunner, Austrian engineer
- 1951 - Bertie Ahern, Irish politician
- 1951 - Ray Gravell, Welsh rugby union player (d. 2007)
- 1951 - Joe Pantoliano, American actor
- 1951 - Gerald Stano, American serial killer (d. 1998)
- 1952 - Gerry Beckley, American musician (America)
- 1952 - Neil Peart, Canadian drummer and author (Rush)
- 1954 - Adrian Adonis, American professional wrestler (d. 1988)
- 1954 - Jeff Jarvis, American journalist
- 1954 - Peter Scolari, American actor
- 1956 - Barry Andrews, British musician
- 1956 - Sam Brownback, American politician
- 1956 - Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing (), Hong Kong artist, singer, actor, director (d. 2003)
- 1956 - Ricky Rudd, American race car driver
- 1957 - Rachel Ward, English actress
- 1957 - Hans Zimmer, German composer
- 1958 - Wilfredo Benitez, American boxer
- 1961 - Mylène Farmer, French singer and songwriter
- 1961 - Kathem Al Saher, Iraqi singer
- 1962 - Dino Merlin, Bosnian singer
- 1962 - Amy Yasbeck, American actress
- 1964 - Dieter Hecking, German footballer
- 1965 - Einstein Kristiansen, Norwegian cartoonist, designer and TV host
- 1965 - John Norwood Fisher, American musician
- 1965 - Vernon Maxwell, American basketball player
- 1966 - Ben Folds, American musician
- 1966 - Darren E. Burrows, American actor
- 1967 - Pat Listach, American baseball player
- 1967 - Louis C.K., American stand-up comedian, writer, actor, producer and director
- 1968 - Ler LaLonde, American guitarist (Primus)
- 1968 - Paul F. Tompkins, American comedian
- 1968 - Richard Snell, former South African cricketer
- 1969 - Ángel Cabrera, Argentine golfer
- 1969 - James Frey, American writer
- 1969 - Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer
- 1969 - André Heinz, American environmentalist; son of Teresa Heinz
- 1970 - Nathan Larson, American guitarist and composer (Shudder To Think, Hot One)
- 1972 - Jason Statham, English actor
- 1973 - Darren Campbell, British athlete
- 1973 - Ki-Jana Carter, American football player
- 1973 - Martin Lapointe, Canadian hockey player
- 1973 - Paul Walker, American actor
- 1974 - Caroline Aigle, First female French fighter pilot (d. 2007)
- 1974 - Nuno Valente, Portuguese footballer
- 1974 - Jennifer Nettles, American country singer, part of Sugarland
- 1976 - Bizzy Bone (Bryon Anthony McCane), American rapper, (Bone Thugs-N-Harmony)
- 1976 - Maciej -urawski, Polish footballer
- 1977 - Nathan Bracken, Australian cricketer
- 1977 - Grant Denyer, Australian television personality and TV Host
- 1977 - Jeff Irwin, American musician
- 1977 - James McCartney, British musician and son of ex-Beatle Paul McCartney
- 1977 - Idan Raichel, Israeli musician
- 1977 - David Thompson, English footballer
- 1978 - Elisabetta Canalis, Italian model and actress
- 1978 - Benjamin McKenzie, American actor
- 1978 - Ruben Studdard, American singer
- 1980 - Sean Burroughs, American baseball player
- 1980 - Fernando Cesar de Souza, Brazilian footballer
- 1980 - Gus G., Greek guitarist (Firewind, Dream Evil)
- 1980 - Joe Loeffler, American musician (former bassist for Chevelle)
- 1980 - Josef Va„í“ek, Czech ice hockey player
- 1980 - Yao Ming, Chinese basketball player
- 1981 - Jennifer Hudson, American actress and singer
- 1981 - Noria Shiraishi, Singer and former member of BeForU.
- 1981 - Jennifer Hudson, American singer and actress
- 1982 - Nana Ozaki, Japanese model
- 1983 - Carly Smithson, Irish singer
- 1983 - Daniel Muir, football player
- 1985 - Jack Wilkinson, English footballer
- 1986 - Emmy Rossum, American actress and singer
- 1986 - Yang Mi, Chinese actress
- 1988 - Aaron Sidwell, English actor
- 1988 - Amanda Jenssen, Swedish singer
Deaths
- 413 - Marcellinus of Carthage, Christian saint
- 1185 - Andronikos I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1118)
- 1213 - King Peter II of Aragon (b. 1174)
- 1362 - Pope Innocent VI
- 1369 - Blanche of Lancaster, wife of John of Gaunt (b. 1345)
- 1500 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (b. 1443)
- 1612 - Tsar Vasili IV of Russia (b. 1552)
- 1642 - Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars, French conspirator (b. 1620)
- 1660 - Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist, and politician (b. 1577)
- 1665 - Jean Bolland, Flemish Jesuit writer (b. 1596)
- 1672 - Tanneguy Lefebvre, French classical scholar (b. 1615)
- 1683 - King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643)
- 1691 - John George III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1647)
- 1695 - Jacob Abendana, Spanish scholar (b. 1630)
- 1712 - Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter (b. 1637)
- 1764 - Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (b. 1683)
- 1779 - Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple, English politician (b. 1711)
- 1819 - Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Prussian general (b. 1742)
- 1836 - Christian Dietrich Grabbe, German writer (b. 1801)
- 1869 - Peter Roget, British lexicographer (b. 1779)
- 1870 - Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American author (b. 1836)
- 1874 - François Guizot, French historian and statesman (b. 1787)
- 1912 - Pierre-Hector Cardinal Coullie, Cardinal-Archbishop of Lyon
- 1918 - George Reid, fourth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1845)
- 1919 - Leonid Andreyev, Russian writer (b. 1871)
- 1923 - Jules Violle, French physicist and inventor (b. 1841)
- 1927 - Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer (b. 1847)
- 1929 - Rainis, Latvian poet and playwright (b. 1865)
- 1945 - Hajime Sugiyama, Japanese general (b. 1880)
- 1953 - Hugo Schmeisser, German weapons designer (b. 1884)
- 1956 - Hans Carossa, German writer (b. 1878)
- 1956 - Sándor Graf Festetics, Hungarian politician (b. 1882)
- 1961 - Carl Hermann, German physicist (b. 1898)
- 1968 - Tommy Armour, Scottish golfer (b. 1894)
- 1972 - William Boyd, American actor (b. 1895)
- 1977 - Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist (b. 1946)
- 1977 - Robert Lowell American poet (b. 1917)
- 1981 - Eugenio Montale, Italian poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1896)
- 1986 - Jacques Henri Lartigue, French photographer (b. 1894)
- 1992 - Anthony Perkins, American actor (b. 1932)
- 1993 - Raymond Burr, Canadian actor (b. 1917)
- 1993 - Willie Mosconi, American billiards player (b. 1913)
- 1994 - Tom Ewell, American actor (b. 1909)
- 1994 - Boris Yegorov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1937)
- 1995 - Jeremy Brett, English actor (b. 1933)
- 2000 - Stanley Turrentine, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1934)
- 2001 - Victor Wong, Chinese-American actor (b. 1927)
- 2003 - Johnny Cash, American singer and guitarist (b. 1932)
- 2008 - Bob Quinn, Australian rules footballer (b. 1915)
- 2008 - David Foster Wallace, American author and essayist (b. 1962)
Holidays and observances
External links
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