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International Races
National Champions
- January 26: Mel Ott and Jimmie Foxx are inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
- January 29: Baseball signs a six-year All-Star game pact for TV-radio rights for $6 million. A number of owners criticize lame-duck Commissioner Happy Chandler, believing that in a couple of years, the broadcast rights would be worth much more than $1 million per annum.
- April 17: Mickey Mantle makes his Major League debut.
- May 7: Johnny Vander Meer pitches in his final Major League game.
- May 25: The New York Giants rookie Willie Mays, goes 0-for-5 in his major league debut against the Philadelphia Phillies.
- July 10: Alfonso "Chico" Carrasquel became the first Latin American player to participate in an All-Star game, beating out reigning MVP Phil Rizzuto as the American League's starting shortstop. Carrasquel would go on to be selected to the All-Star team a total of four times.
- July 14 - St. Louis Browns sign Satchel Paige as a free agent.
- August 11: The New York Giants fall 13 games behind in the National League standings. Following this nadir, the Giants go 37-8 over their last 45 games in one of baseball's most famous comebacks. This enables them to tie their crosstown rivals Brooklyn Dodgers for first place and forces a playoff series.
- August 19: 3' 7" Eddie Gaedel becomes the only midget to play in a major league game, pinch-hitting and drawing a walk in his lone plate appearance.
- August 29 - The New York Yankees trade Lew Burdette and $50,000 cash to the Boston Braves for Johnny Sain.
- September 7 - Bobby Doerr plays in his final career game.
- September 30 - Joe DiMaggio plays in his final career regular season game.
- October 4: National League Playoff: The New York Giants and the Brooklyn Dodgers finished the season tied for first place. The Giants then won a playoff series, 2 games to 1. In the final game, when all seemed lost for the Giants, Bobby Thomson hit a dramatic three run homer in the bottom of the ninth inning to give the Giants a 5 to 4 victory and the National League pennant.
- World Series: New York Yankees win 4 games to 2 over the New York Giants.
- MVP Awards: Roy Campanella (NL) and Yogi Berra (AL)
- Rookie of the Year Awards: Willie Mays (NL) and Gil McDougald (AL)
- Babe Ruth Award: Phil Rizzuto
- Sporting News Major League Player of the Year: Stan Musial
- Sporting News Pitcher of the Year: Preacher Roe (NL) and Bob Feller (AL)
England
Men's professional
Men's amateur
Women's professional
- The 50th anniversaries of the donations of both the Mann Cup and the Minto Cup.
- The Peterborough Timbermen win the 50th Mann Cup.
- The Mimico Mountaineers win the 50th Minto Cup.
Awards
Births
January
- January 2 - Lula Ferreira, Brazilian basketball coach
- January 2 - Bill Madlock, U.S. baseball player
- January 4 - Steve Genter, American freestyle swimmer
- January 16 - Rudolf Steiner, Swiss javelin thrower
- January 20 - Clyde Sefton, Australian road cyclist
- January 22 - Ondrej Nepela, Slovak figure skater (d. 1989)
- January 25 - Steve Prefontaine, U.S. distance runner
- January 26 - Jarmila Kratochvílová, Czech athlete
- January 26 - Mieczys-aw Nowicki, Polish road bicycle racer
- January 27 - Charles Mooney, US boxer
- January 29 - Sinikka Keskitalo, Finnish long-distance runner
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
- September 6 - Samiullah Khan, Pakistani field hockey player
- September 7 - Kebede Balcha, Ethiopian marathon runner
- September 12 - Eric Lindroth, American water polo player
- September 14 - Elizabeth Carruthers, Canadian diver
- September 16 - René and Willy van de Kerkhof, Dutch football (soccer) players and twins
- September 17 - Satymkul Dzhumanazarov, Kyrgyzstani long-distance runner (d. 2007)
- September 17 - Sue Reeve, English long jumper
- September 20 - Guy Lafleur, Canadian hockey player
- September 21 - Bruce Arena, American soccer coach
- September 28 - José Ibańez, Cuban judoka
- September 29 - Hennie Penterman, Dutch medley swimmer
October
November
December
Deaths
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